Nervous System (Peripheral)

I. Divisions of the Nervous System (pgs. 344-370)

     a. Functions: (see last paragraph on pg. 344)





     b. Major Divisions: (wait until lecture)


                      central


  nervous system


                                          sensory


                          peripheral                  somatic


                                          motor
         

                                                      autonomic 



     c. Unique characteristics of nerve tissues: (complete in class)

       1. Irritability -




       2. Conductivity -






II. Cells of the Nervous System (pg. 344)

     a. Types: (describe each in detail)

       1. Neuroglia -





       2. Neuron -






       3. Nerves -






     b. Structure (3 main parts): (pgs. 345-349)

       1. Cell body (describe contents) -





        - Nucleus (name the genetic material found inside, remember 
           your biology)



       2. Dendrite (function) -





       3. Axon (function) -





        - Predict the effect on the part of a severed axon that is no 
          longer connected t its neuron cell body. (pgs. 345-346)



       4. Other Features:
        - Myelin Sheath (describe) -





        - Neurilemma (describe) -




     c. Make a drawing of a Neuron. Use the diagram on pg. 347 as a guide.


Labels


    dendrites


    nucleus

  
    axon hillock


    axon


    myelin sheath


    Schwann cells


    node of Ranvier


    synaptic knobs



III. Organization of the Nervous System (pg. 349)

     white matter -




     gray matter -




     nerve tracts (wait until lecture) -




     nuclei (wait until lecture) -





IV. The Synapse - (pg. 360) Discuss the pathway of touching a hot pan. 
                   (wait until lecture)










  (Describe each)
     1. presynaptic membrane -





     2. synaptic cleft -





     3. postsynaptic membrane -






     Afferent                 vs.             Efferent
                       (wait until lecture)








---------------------------------------------------------------

Sense of Sight (pgs. 457-474)

I. Visual Accessory Organs: (pgs. 457-460)

     a. Protective Features
       1. Eyebrows and Bony Orbit (what do you think) -





       2. Eyelids (function) -





       3. Eyelashes (what do you think) -





       4. Lacrimal glands (function)







     b. Six Extrinsic Eye Muscles (names and movement): (pg. 460)

















II. Structure of the Eye

    3 major coats or tunics of eye: (name them)

     a. Outer tunic (fibrous) -



    
       1. Cornea - (discuss)





       2. Sclera - (discuss)







     b. Middle Tunic (vascular) - (discuss each)

       1. Choroid Coat -






       2. Ciliary Body -






       3. Iris -







     c. Inner tunic (nervous) - (pg. 465)

       1. Retina -



          Macula Lutea -





          Fovea Centralis -





          Optic Nerve -






          Optic Disk -







       2. Visual Receptors (discuss each): (pg. 469) 

          Rods -






          Cones -






        a. Bipolar & Ganglion cells (look at fig. 12.34)
           Can you find anything weird about the human eye?







III. Compartments of the eye (wait until lecture)

       anterior chamber -





       posterior chamber -





       aqueous humor -





       vitreous humor -






     Pathway of light through eye: (pg. 467)
























--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Functions of the Complete Eye: (pg. 468-474)


     Refraction -







     Lenses -

          a) Biconvex            vs.            Biconcave






          b) Converging            vs.              Diverging







          c. Focal Length



                                                            Thick Lens



                                                           Thin Lens






     Accommodation -







       Focusing on objects - (3 parts)

        1. 




        2.




        3.





     Near Point of Vision -











     Eye Disorders: (Use the glossary and index)

       1. Myopia -






       2. Hyperopia -






       3. Presbyopia -






       4. Astigmatism -






       5. Strabismus -






       6. Color Blindness -






       7. Glaucoma -






       8. Cataracts -








-------------------------------------------------------------------

Ear Structure (pgs. 446-452)

The ear serves 2 purposes:

     1.



     2.




Auditory Structures and Their Functions

  A. External Ear

     1. Auricle -





     2. External Auditory Meatus -





     3. Cerumen -





     4. Tympanic Membrane -






  B. Middle Ear

     1. Tympanic Cavity -





     2. Eustachain Tube (Auditory tube) -





     3. Ossicles -






  C. Inner Ear






     1. Vestibule -




        a. Oval Window -




        b. Round Window -





     2. Cochlea -





        a. Scala Vestibuli -




        b. Scala Tympani -




        c. Scala Media (Cochler Duct) -





          1. Tectorial Membrane -






          2. Vestibular Membrane -






          3. Basilar Membrane -







          4. Organ of Corti -







----------------------------------------------------------------
Equlibrium - Sense of Balance (pg. 453-44)


I. Organs of Static Equilibrium


     Vestibule:


       A. Utricle -





          1. Structures:


              Macula -




              Otoliths -





          2. Function:





       B. Saccule -







II. Organs of Dynamic Equilibrium (pg. 455-456)






     A. Semicircular Canals (Ducts)





       1. Structure:





          Ampulla -







          Crista Ampullaris -







     2. Function -