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Thursday, 25-Apr-2024 04:38:42 EDT
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Lecture 1
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A&P Unit 8 HEART AND LUNGS
I. HEART ANATOMY (pgs. 554-572)
General description: (summarize first paragraph)
A. Approximate size and location-
B. Discusss the apex and apical heartbeat-
C. Coverings of the heart: (pg. 555)
1) Pericardium (pericardinal sac)-
2) Layers of the Pericardium:
a) Fibrous Pericardium-
b) Visceral Pericardium-
c) Parietal Pericardium-
d) Pericardial Cavity and Fluid-
3) Wall of the Heart (discuss structures and functions) (pg. 556)
a) Epicardium (visceral pericardium)-
b) Myocardium-
c) Endocardium-
4) Interatrial and intrventricular septum (wait till lecture)-
a) Atria (discuss)-
b) Ventricle (discuss)-
c) Right half (wait till lecture)-
d) Left half (wait till lecture)-
5) Pathway of blood through heart (pg. 558) (discuss each)
a) Right atrium-
3 vessels-
Tricuspid Valve-
Chordae Tendineae-
Papillary Muscles-
b) Right ventricle-
Pulmonary Trunk-
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve-
c) Left atrium-
Pulmonary Veins-
Bicuspid or Mitral Valve-
Chordae Tendinae-
d) Left ventricle-
Aorta-
Aortic Semilunar Valve-
II. PATH OF BLOOD THROUGH THE HEART:
A. Systemic Circulation (pgs. 561-562)-
B. Coronary Circulation (pgs. 562-563)-
C. Fetal Circulation (pgs. 912-913)-
*Umbilical Vein
*Ductus Venosus to I.V.C.
Right Atrium
*Foramen Ovale Right Ventricle
Left Atrium Pulmonary Artery
Left Ventricle *Ductus Arteriosus
Aorta
To body or *Umbilical Arteries
Define:
Angina pectoris-
Myocardial Infarcation-
Angioplasty-
Cardiac Cycle (pg. 565-566):
Systole-
Diastole-
If the average heartrate = 75/min. then how long is each beat?
60 seconds divided by 75 =
ATRIA VENTRICLE
Contract RELAX Systole Diastole
.1 sec. .7 sec. .3 sec. .5 sec.
(Systole) (Diastole)
Diagram-Conduction System of Heart:
(Draw and label fig. 15-19)
Cardiac Condition System of the Heart (pg. 568-570)
A. Consists of 4 structures:
a) Sinoatrial
b) Atrioventricular
c) A-V bundle (bundle of his)
d) Purkinje Fibers
1) Sinoatrial Node-
2) Atrioventricular Node-
3) A-V Bundle-
4) Purkinje Fibers-
B. Pathway:
C. Regulating Conduction System:
1) Autonomic Nerves from Medulla Oblongata-
2) Hormones-
Electrocardiogram (ECG) (pg. 570-571)
P=
QRS=
T=
Arrhythmias-
Fibrillation-
Pacemaker-
Explain why atrial fibrilltion will not cause immediate death but ventricular
fibrillation will?
Unit 8 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Main function (summarize the first paragraph) (pg. 739)
Why we breathe (explain in your own words)
Organs of the Respiratory System:
(discuss each in detail) (pg. 740)
1) Nose-
2) Nasal Cavity-
3) Nasal Septum-
4) Nasal Conchae (Turbinate bones)-
5) Lacrimal Duct (wait till lecture)-
Advantages to Breathing through Nose:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Sinuses (discuss in detail) (pg. 741)-
2) Pharynx (discuss in detail) (pg. 741)-
Nasopharynx-
Oropharynx-
Laryngopharynx-
3) Larynx (discuss first paragraph) (pg. 742)-
Structure (discuss second paragraph) (pg. 742)-
Thyroid Cartilage (discuss)-
False Vocal Cords (discuss)-
True Vocal Cords (discuss)-
Pitch (discuss)-
Intensity (discuss)-
Glottis (discuss) (pg. 744)-
4) Trachea (discuss first paragraph)-
Structure (discuss second and third paragraph)-
5) Bronchial Tree (discuss first paragraph)-
Draw & label fig. 19.8
6) Lungs (discuss pg. 750)-
Hilus (discuss)-
Visceral Pleura (discuss)-
Parietal Pleura (discuss)-
Pleural Cavity & Serous Fluid (discuss)-
Discuss the difference between the right and left lung (pg. 751)-
Surface Area (wait till lecture)-
Bronchioles (wait till lecture)-
Surfactant (wait till lecture)-
Blood Supply (wait till lecture)-
Pulmonary Artery and Veins-
Bronchial Artery and Veins-
Breathing Mechanism (wait till lecture)-
Atmosphere Pressure-
Inspiration vs. Expiration-
Inhale-
Exhale-
Control of Breathing:
Respiratory Center-
Amount of Co2 in Blood-
Normal Rhythm-
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