Moreno's Anatomy

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Unit 10

URINARY SYSTEM (Excretory system)

  Functions-

  Major Structures-

  Kidneys:

    Location-

    Functions-

    Gross Structure-

      Size-

      Hilus-

      Blood Vessels-

      Ureter-

      Urethra-

KIDNEY STRUCTURE

3 Major Layers:

  Renal Cortex-

  Renal Medulla-

    pyramids-

    papilla-

  Renal Pelvis-

    calyces-

KIDNEY MICROSTRUCTURE

I. Nephron

  Renal Corpuscle:

    1. Afferent Arteriole-

    2. Glomerulus-

    3. Efferent Arteriole-

    4. Peritubular Capillaries-

  Renal Tubule:

    1. Bowman's Capsule-

    2. Proximal Convoluted Tubule-

    3. Loop of Henle-

    4. Distal Convoluted Tubule-

BLOOD FLOW:

  Ureter-

  Urinary Bladder-

  Urethra-

  Urine-

  Gonads-

  Gametes-

  Spermatazoon-

  Ovum-

  Fertilization-

  Chromosome (46)-

  Somatic Cells-

  Gametes-

Why is meiosis necessary?

Male Reproductive Structures:

TESTES-

  A). Description-

  B). Seminiferous Tubules-

  C). Interstitial Cells-

  D). Epididymis-

    1. crytporchidism-

    2. spermatazoa-

II. ACCESSORY STRUCTURES

  A). Scrotum-

  B). Vas Deferens-

  C). Seminal Vesicles-

  D). Ejaculatory Ducts-

  E). Prostate Glands-

  F). Bulbourethral Glands-

    1. Semen-

  G). Penis-

    1. Cavernous Tissue-

    2. Erection-

    3. Foreskin-

      a. circumcision-

    4. Glans-

    5. Urethra-

Female Reproductive Structures

OVARIES:

  Medulla-

  Cortex-

    Follicle-

    Corpus Luteum-

  Hormones-

  Estrogen-

  Progesterone-

OVIDUCTS

  Fimbria-

UTERUS

  Layers-

  Fundus-

  Body-

  Cervix-

VAGINA

LABIA MAJORA & LABIA MINORA

CLITORIS

VESTIBULE

MENSTRUAL CYCLE

  DEFINITIONS:

    FSH- Hormone produced by pituitary gland that stimulates the growth of the ovum-containing follicles in the ovary

    LH- Hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the development of the corpus luteum.

MENSTRUATION DAY 1-5:
    1. The pituitary gland secretes FSH
    2. FSH stimulates a follicle to mature

PROLIFERATION DAY 6-13:
    3. Follicle cells secrete estrogen
      a) It maintains sac. sex characteristics
      b) It causes endometrium to thicken

OVULATION DAY 14:
    4. Pituitary gland secrtes LH which causes ovulation and follicle bcomes corpus luteum

SECRETORY DAY 15-25:
    5. Corpus luteum secretes progesterone
      a) It causes endometriu to become even thicker and more vascular
      b) It tops release of any FSH or LH from pituitary

SECRETORY DAY 26-28:
    6. If the ovum is not fertilized, then corpus luteum disintergrates

MENSTRUATION Day 1-5:
    7. Without progesterone from corpus luteum, endometrium sloughs off (menstruation)
    8. The cycle repeats itself

Moreno says:

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